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Johnstown High School Academic Program Guide 2026-2027

English Language Arts (ELA) Department

ELA 9

1.0 Credit

A course designed to allow students to explore the complexity of fiction and non-fiction texts. Students are expected to examine purpose, and to deconstruct meaning in various genres. They will practice close reading and annotation, as well as write with purpose, citing textual evidence as support. The students will focus their efforts through exposure to literary classics and contemporary and supplementary works. Additionally, the students will be exposed to high school research techniques, vocabulary development, poetry analysis, and rhetoric. Each teacher will provide a grading policy for the students at the beginning of the year that will make clear how a student will earn his/her grade.

ELA 9H (Honors)

1.0 Credit

Prerequisites & Grade Level Requirements: Successful completion of English 8, with a suggested grade of 90% or better and teacher recommendation.

English 9H fulfills the English 9R requirement. In addition to completing the content of the regents course, the honors section has additional  readings along with varied structure, processes and assessments. Students are expected to work toward and produce superior and more sophisticated writing pieces. Students work on advanced and accelerated assignments, some specific examples include argumentative writing and literary analysis. There is also a focus on depth of knowledge and application of literary terms in context. Bi-quarterly unit exams are given to test student knowledge, recall and application of spelling, vocabulary and literary terms.

ELA 10

1.0 Credit

A course designed to continue student exploration of complex fiction and non-fiction. The course will provide the student with the opportunity to build upon prior learning and utilize critical analysis.  Students are expected to examine purpose, and to deconstruct meaning in various genres. They will practice close reading and annotation, as well as write with purpose, citing textual evidence as support. The students will focus their efforts through exposure to literary classics and contemporary and supplementary works. The students will use literary response and expression, interpret information, and expand verbal skills. Additionally, students are required to write a research paper. Beginning practice in PSAT, SAT and Regents preparation  will be introduced at this level. Each teacher will provide a grading policy at the beginning of the school year explaining exactly how grades will be determined in the class.  English 10 offers an advanced or honors section that will be determined by a student’s past performance and teacher recommendation.

ELA 10H (Honors)

1.0 Credit

Prerequisites & Grade Level Requirements: Successful completion of English 9 with a suggested grade of 88% or better and teacher recommendation.

English 10H fulfills the English 10R requirement. In addition to completing the content of the regents course, the honors section has four additional text readings along with varied structure, processes and assessments. Students are expected to work and produce superior and more sophisticated writing pieces. Students work on advanced and accelerated assignments, some specific examples include argumentative writing and literary analysis. There is also a focus on depth of knowledge and application of literary terms in context. Bi-quarterly projects, essays, and exams are given to test student knowledge, recall and application of spelling, vocabulary and literary terms.

ELA 11

1.0 Credit

A course designed to continue to build a solid foundation of knowledge, skills, and strategies that will be refined, applied, and extended as students engage in more complex ideas, texts, and tasks. In English 11, students will add to the list of various genre of classic and contemporary narrative and informational texts that will be read and analyzed throughout high school. The English 11 curriculum continues to build on the language arts skills necessary to achieve success on the Common Core ELA Regents. This course emphasizes the Common Core Learning Standards of reading, writing, listening, and speaking for multiple purposes in all units. A study of American Literature and writers who reflect the diversity of this country are the major components of the course as well as SAT and ACT preparation. An emphasis on non-fiction, literary elements, and rhetorical considerations as well as thematic approach will form the core of the course.

AP Language and Composition

1.0 Credit

Grade Level Requirements: 11

A college-level course open to students who wish to intensify their preparation for college writing. It is recommended for juniors who intend on attending college and for motivated seniors. Students should expect extensive practice in writing expository, persuasive, narrative, descriptive, and argumentative essays.

Speech

0.5 Credit

Grade Level Requirements: 12

The course is designed to enrich the students ability to communicate. Students are introduced to the forms of public speaking and afforded the opportunity to practice both the formal and informal deliveries of speech while maintaining individual expression and creativity.

Myths and Legends

0.5 Credit

Grade Level Requirements: 12

A course designed to survey the myths and legends that have established many of the significant themes in human culture.  Through the study of literature, film, music, and art, students will explore how these myths have been treated by artists over time. Students will examine the great questions of human existence. Where did we come from? What is the purpose of life? What is reality? Who am I? Where do we go when we die? Students will evaluate situational and character archetypes, the battle between good and evil, personal journey, the quest for self-fulfillment, and the heroic concept. In addition to class, discussion and presentation, students showcase their interpretations with a variety of creative works including written interpretation, poetry, short stories, fairy tales, musical compositions,  and other alternative forms of expression.

Creative Writing

0.5 Credit

Grade Level Requirements: 12

This course  will develop students’ abilities to write creatively through experimentation with different forms and genres, while sharpening their observational skills and articulating experience through various literary elements.

Master Film

0.5 Credit

Grade Level Requirements: 12

This course studies film and made- for-television versions of the classics: the play, the novel, and the short story. In examining this dominant genre in our culture, the students will develop the skills of analysis, debate, interpretation, and comparison.  This course is meant to be preparation for the type of work students will be expected to perform at the college level. Essentially, in place of reading, we are using films as literature to be analyzed for theme, content, devices, tone and mood.

Media Writing

0.5 Credit

Grade Level Requirements: 9-12

Explores professional communication formats, including journalism, broadcast writing, digital media scriptwriting, and marketing copy.

Birding and Writing

0.5 Elective Credit

Grade Level Requirements: 11-12

Combines outdoor nature observation and field studies with descriptive, environmental, and reflective essay writing.

Criminal Case Studies

0.5 Elective Credit

Grade Level Requirements: 9-12

Dive into the fascinating world of the American criminal justice system through the lens of history’s most compelling and high-profile legal battles. In this interactive elective, students will step into the roles of investigators, legal counsel, and jurors to dissect real-world criminal cases from initial crime scene investigation to the final courtroom verdict.



Mathematics Department

Algebra 8

1.0 Credit

Accelerated course for eighth graders covering the full high school Algebra I curriculum, leading directly to the Regents examination.

Pre-Algebra

1.0 Credit

A full year course designed to ease students into the Algebra curriculum. Some of the same topics that are covered in Algebra will be covered except at a slower pace. Some of the harder Algebra topics will not be covered in depth. The final exam is a local final given by the teacher. The student will take Algebra next.

Algebra I

1.0 Credit

The first course of three of the New York State high school mathematics curriculum. Topics covered include problem solving and graphing linear equations and inequalities, solving and graphing quadratics, factoring, working with operations with polynomials, probability, and statistics.  Students will take the Algebra Regents exam at the conclusion of the course. A graphing calculator is required for some topics.

Particular Topics in Algebra

0.5 Credit

Examines specific mathematical fields, such as targeted linear equations or rational number systems, rather than an abstract overview.

Geometry

1.0 Credit

The second course of the New York State mathematics curriculum, which will be taken after Algebra. Geometric concepts will be explored through coordinate, Euclidian, analytical, and transformational geometry. Some of the topics covered include logic, proofs, congruent triangles, and properties of polygons and solids. The student will take a Regents exam at the conclusion of the course. The graphing calculator will be utilized when necessary

Applied Geometry

1.0 Credit

Practical approach to geometric principles, spatial reasoning, and measurement calculations applied directly to physical world systems.

Algebra II

1.0 Credit

The third course of three from the NYS math curriculum. Algebra topics will be covered in depth including functions, quadratics, logs, complex numbers, trigonometric equations, and statistics. The student will take a Regents exam at the conclusion of this course. The graphing calculator will be utilized fully.

Pre-Calculus

1.0 Credit

A course designed to prepare students for college level math. Topics include: functions and their graphs, exponential and logarithmic functions, trigonometry with applications, matrix algebra, polar graphing, and conic sections. The graphing calculator will be utilized.

Calculus

1.0 Credit & CHS Credit (FMCC)

Grade Level Requirements: 12

This course may be taken for Johnstown High School credit through SUNY Albany. Students sign up and will receive 4 university credits. Topics covered include limit theory, derivatives and applications, integrals and applications. A graphing calculator will be utilized when necessary. The final exam is a local final exam given by the teacher.

Statistics

1.0 Credit

This course covers basic concepts of probability, descriptive and inferential statistics including central tendency, variability, correlation, regression and parametric tests.

Mat 120

1.0 Credit & CHS Credit (FMCC)

inequalities, functions, applications of functions, polynomial, exponential and logarithmic functions, solution of exponential and logarithmic equations.

Practical Math

1.0 Credit

This course covers a variety of topics such as:  transformations, number systems, 3-D figures, percentages, interest rates and arts in math. Topics will be supplemented using scholastic magazines such as MATH and Money Confident Kids. Students will be able to utilize and demonstrate how math skills are used by ordinary people in their everyday life. Topics will be applied to current issues happening in our world and how math is integrated into our lives.

Business Math

1.0 Credit

This course provides the foundation of arithmetic, mathematics and measurements used in common business and industry practices. A hallmark of the business education curriculum is its relevance to everyday application. You will learn skills throughout the course that will help you in your future roles as citizens, consumers, employees, employers, investors, inventors, and entrepreneurs.



Science Department

Foundations of Science

1.0 Credit

Provides an overview of basic biological, chemical, and physical science interactions to strengthen core scientific literacy.

Earth and Space Science

1.0 Credit + Lab

Students will actively explore the dynamic processes that shape our world, including the lifecycles of stars, orbital mechanics, the mechanics of severe weather networks, water systems, plate tectonics, rock and mineral formation, and the history of Earth’s climate. The curriculum heavily emphasizes hands-on inquiry, engineering design practices, and the collection and analysis of real-world scientific data.

Biology

1.0 Credit + Lab

A comprehensive, full–year, introductory  biology course that is required for graduation. This course includes a study of cell, animal, human, and plant biology, in addition to reproduction, genealogy, evolution, and ecology. Successful completion of the laboratory work and satisfactory written laboratory reports are required for admission to the Regents examination. Students must meet a 1200 minute minimum lab requirement in order to take the final exam.

Chemistry

1.0 Credit

Prerequisites: Successful completion of Biology and Algebra

The study of the composition matter and the interactions between matter and energy. This course provides the student with an understanding of the theoretical and practical aspects of chemistry and the ability to handle equipment and chemicals safely. The topics studied included atomic structure, chemical bonding, aqueous chemistry, intermolecular forces, acid/base chemistry, thermochemistry, kinetics, electrochemistry, organic chemistry and nuclear chemistry. Successful completion of laboratory work and satisfactory written laboratory reports are required for admission to the Regents examination.

Physics (Not offered in 26-27)

1.0 Credit + Lab

Prerequisites: Successful completion of Biology, Chemistry and Algebra II

This course presents a comprehensive study of physics, motion, forces, energy, electricity, magnetism, wave, and modern physics. The course includes a laboratory component, which meets for one period every other day.  Successful completion of the required laboratory work and submission of laboratory reports are necessary for admission into the Regents Physics examination at the end of the year. Students are expected to complete Regents Chemistry prior to taking Regents Physics.

AP Biology

1.0 Credit + Lab

Prerequisites: Successful completion of Biology and Chemistry

This course utilizes a college-level textbook and laboratory investigations to study molecular biology, the biology of organisms, and the biology of populations. Successful completion of the laboratory work and satisfactory written laboratory reports are required.  

Forensics

1.0 Credit

Prerequisites: Successful completion of Chemistry

A course designed around inquiry-based performance assessments with students working in teams to solve crimes using scientific knowledge and reasoning. The course encompasses all areas of science with an emphasis on complex reasoning and critical thinking. In addition to using science skills acquired in other high school science courses, students will incorporate the uses of technology, communication skills, language arts, arts, family and consumer science, mathematics, and social studies. 

Natural Disasters

0.5 Credit

Examines the violent earth sciences driving volcanic eruptions, structural earthquakes, massive hurricanes, and global climate shifts.

Astronomy

0.5 Credit

Explores orbital paths, star lifecycle development, deep space galaxy mapping, and historical spacecraft planetary exploration missions.

Adirondacks Science

0.5 Credit

Explores the relationship between organisms and abiotic factors in various ecosystems.  Students will explore conservation, genetics, evolution, disease, and career opportunities. The course will raise awareness with lasting effects of human interactions with the environment.

Anatomy and Physiology (A and P)

0.5 Credit

Explores the inner workings of the human body and focuses on anatomy. This course provides the foundation for students wanting to expand their vocabularies and learn about the body and its levels of organization. Experiments will be done to help students understand the fundamental concepts between structure and function.



Social Studies Department

Global History I

1.0 Credit

A course designed to explore and examine other cultures that existed and events that occurred around the world throughout history. Students in Global History Nine will study the following general topics: ancient civilizations, major world religions, exchange of culture, the building of empires, the Middle Ages, European Renaissance and Reformation, discovery and exploration, and absolute monarchy.  Global History 9 students will take a local final exam.

Global History II

1.0 Credit

A course designed to explore and examine other cultures that existed and events that occurred around the world throughout history. Students in Global History & Geography 10R will study the following general topics: enlightenment  and revolution in Europe, American revolutions, industrial revolution, democracy, imperialism, Russian revolution, WWI, WWII, cold war and restructuring, struggles for independence and democracy, and global interdependence. Upon completion of Global History & Geography 10R students will take the New York State Global History & Geography Regents Examination.

AP World History

1.0 Credit

Rigorous college-preparatory framework tracing multi-regional patterns, industrial innovations, complex political shifts, and historical global document analysis.

United States History

1.0 Credit

This course may be interpreted as the history of public policy—political, social, and cultural.  This course should serve to develop student under- standing that people throughout our history have interacted with each other and with their governments to develop policies that they believed were important to their lives. The material is presented in seven basic units that enable the instructor to bring everything right up-to-date through the course. These units are the Constitutional Foundations, Industrialization (1865-1900), Progressivism and Imperialism (1890-1917), At Home and Abroad (1914-1939), Foreign Policy and the Age of Global Crisis (1933-1963), A World in Uncertain Times (1945-1974), and Living in a Global Age.

AP US History

1.0 Credit

Advanced academic exploration focusing on extensive source analysis, essay compositions, and thorough content coverage of American development milestones.

Government, Economics and Mentoring (GEM)

0.5 Credit

Students will study the American government and economics  largely through project based learning and simulations. The focus will be for students to learn and be proactive in the real world skills and knowledge necessary to be- come valued, civically engaged, and financially successful citizens. Students will learn and use many governmental, non-governmental, and economic methods to improve their lives and society. Students will give back to their community and develop twenty-first skills as participants in a peer-to-peer mentoring program. The full year course will fulfill the Economics and Participation in Government graduation requirements.

Advanced Placement Policy, Leadership and Economics (APPLE)

1.0 Credit

A project based learning course that uses simulations to help students experience American government and politics, as well as Economics, on an advanced level that will prepare them to take the Advanced Placement U.S. Government and Politics exams. Topics may include the following: Constitutional underpinnings  of the United States government, political beliefs and behaviors of individuals, the role of political parties, interest groups, and mass media, the institutions of national government – Congress, courts, presidency, and bureaucracy, public policy development  and implementation,  civil liberties and civil rights, and current events. The course will provide students with an introduction to both microeconomics and macroeconomics. Students will give back to their community and develop twenty-first century skills as a participant in a peer-to-peer mentoring program. The full year course will fulfill the Economics and Participation in Government course required for graduation.

Sociology

0.5 Credit or UAlbany credit

Grade Level Requirements: 11-12

Prerequisites: Successful completion of Global 10

The study of culture and social structure, with particular attention to traditional and changing American values. Students will also study the individual in society, which includes personality development, problems of adolescence, the world of work and developmental issues of late adulthood.  Issues associated with social inequality, including social stratification, racial and ethnic relations, gender, age, and health will be ad- dressed. Students will identify social institutions  studied by sociologists along with issues associated with the changing social world. Collective behavior and social movements, population and urbanization, and theories associated with social change will be examined.

Psychology

0.5 Credit or UAlbany credit

Grade Level Requirements: 11-12

Prerequisites: Successful completion of Global 10

The study of human behavior.  This course will deal with careers in psychology (psychologist, sport psychology, clinical psychology, etc.); behavioral conditioning (brain washing, learning, memory, motivation, nervosa, bulimia, dyslexia, etc.); abnormal psychology (neurosis, multiple personality, schizophrenia, autism, psychotherapy, etc.); parapsychology (mental telepathy, ESP, clairvoyance, etc.).

Abnormal Psychology

0.5 Credit

Grade Level Requirements: 11-12
Prerequisites: Successful completion of Psychology and Sociology

An introductory course to the field of abnormal psychology. We will explore abnormality within historical, social, and cultural contexts, as well as the various predominating paradigms. Each major disorder, its symptoms, and preferred treatment strategy will be examined using case material to supplement the chapter text. Throughout the course, we will look at major research issues as they relate to both the causes of each disorder and the efficiency of current treatments and interventions. It is also anticipated that you will gain an appreciation for the complexity of human behavior and increased compassion for individuals with mental illnesses. Content covers assessment, description, theory, research, causes, and treatments of various psychological maladaptive behaviors and disorders. Some mental health problems studied include anxiety disorders, personality disorders, substance disorders, sexual disorders, depression and other neuroses and psychoses.

The 60’s

0.5 Credit

This course will provide an overview of the social, cultural, and political events of the 1960’s in America. Major topics of study will include the Civil Rights Movement, The Vietnam War, the Red Scare, Counterculture and the Kennedy and Johnson administration.

History of Sports

0.5 Credit

This course will examine the history of sports as it relates to the United States and the role sports have played in our society throughout time. Our studies will include sports at levels, from high school, college, professional sports and the Olympic games. The sports covered will be based on class interest, but will certainly include some of America’s favorite pastimes and learning about some of sport’s most iconic sports figures, while also learning about some of the lesser known sport’s heroes.  



World Languages Department (Spanish)

Spanish 1B (ends 2027)

1.0 Credit

A continuation of Spanish 1A from the junior high school. Students will learn the basis vocabulary and grammatical structures with an emphasis on developing listening and speaking skills. Reading and writing are also integral skills of the communicative process. Students will be able to engage in short role-playing situations, short dialogs and respond to basic questions in the target language. Students will be introduced to cultural aspects of Latin America and Spain and their influences in our American culture. The final exam will be the FLACS Exam, Checkpoint A, a regional test given throughout many schools in New York State. Successful completion of Spanish 1A and 1B will earn students 1 high school credit.

Spanish 1

1.0 Credit

Offered to students with no prior knowledge of the language. Students will learn the basics of vocabulary and grammatical structures with an emphasis on developing listening and speaking skills. Reading and writing are also integral skills of the communicative process. Students will be able to engage in short role-playing situations, short dialogs and respond to basic questions in the target language. Students will be introduced to cultural aspects of Latin America and Spain and their influences in our American culture. The final exam will be the FLACS Exam, Checkpoint A, a regional test given throughout many schools in New York State.

Spanish 1H (Honors)

1.0 Credit

Accelerated pacing focusing on expanded vocabulary inputs, descriptive storytelling, and advanced auditory translation skills.

Spanish 2

1.0 Credit

Offered to students who have completed either Spanish 1 or Spanish 1A and 1B and have a desire to continue on to higher levels of Spanish. Students will continue to develop all four communicative skills: listening, speaking, reading and writing. There is a strong emphasis on mastering the grammatical structure of the language, as well as vocabulary acquisition; both skills will be used in a contextual setting. The final exam is a local examination and includes an assessment of all four skills, as well as specific grammar and vocabulary learned throughout the year. Students will be involved in many role–playing, short dialog exchanges.

Spanish 3

1.0 Credit

Grade Level Requirements: 11 & 12

A continuation of Spanish 1 and 2. Students continue to master all four communicative skills: listening, speaking, reading and writing. There is an emphasis on acquiring more complex vocabulary and grammatical structures and utilizing both of them in a communicative setting. Students are engaged in short dialogs, role-playing situations, as well as answering more complex questions in the target language. Students continue learning cultural perspectives of the Spanish-speaking countries, as well as the Hispanic influences in the United States.

Spanish 4 (University in the High School)

1.0 Credit & UHS Credit

Grade Level Requirements: 11 & 12

Offered to students who have successfully completed Spanish 1-3 and have earned higher than an 80% as a final average for Spanish 3. Students at this level have the option to enroll in the University at the High School Program (UHS) offered by the State University of New York at Albany (SUNY Albany). The university course name is ASPN 103 and is considered a beginning intermediate level of the target language. A continuation of the four communicative skills are emphasized within the context of different topics of Hispanic culture such as: differing concepts of family relations, geography and demography of Spanish America and Spain, art and entertainment, the environment and future careers. Students are required to be prepared for class discussions. A strong emphasis is placed on the grammatical structure of Spain, as well as learning new vocabulary terms and using them in a contextual setting. The final exam is teacher- developed and is consistent with Checkpoint C of the New York State Standards.

Spanish 5

1.0 Credit & UHS Credit

Offered to students who have successfully completed Spanish 4. Students also have the option to enroll in the UHS program offered by SUNY Albany. The university course name is ASPN 104 and is considered  the advanced intermediate level of the target language. A strong emphasis is on the utilization of all grammatical concepts learned throughout all 5 years of language study within the context of class discussions and compositions. Topics include: perceptions of people and cultures, heritage, human relationships, life obligations, social and political involvements  and future jobs/role. Students will understand cultural perspectives on Spain and different Latin American countries. Students are required to be prepared daily and to actively participate in class discussions in the target language. The final exam is teacher-developed  and includes all materials throughout the year.



Business and Technology Departments

Intro to Computer Sciences

1.0 Credit

Foundational programming course introducing core software building blocks, logical flow structures, and basic code language patterns.

Robotics

0.5 Credit

Hands-on engineering workshop combining mechanical construction, remote sensors, motor calibrations, and automated command coding.

Personal Finance (CHS – FMCC)

0.5 Credit & CHS FMCC Credit

Teaches essential financial capability tools including bank account management, credit score rules, taxation filing, and retirement planning options.

Career Management

0.5 Credit

Guides career readiness preparation through active resume building, professional interview practices, workplace conflict strategies, and goal alignment.

Sports and Entertainment Marketing

0.5 Credit

Investigates commercial industry operations, sports sponsorship deals, product licensing, media advertising trends, and fan base event management strategies.



Fine and Performing Arts Department

Studio In Art

1.0 Credit

A foundational course for the high school visual arts program and is designed for the average student who is looking to fulfill their arts requirement. The course is an introduction to the ABC’s of art, the elements and principles of design, color theory, and craftsmanship. Students will be introduced to a variety of materials, techniques, ideas, and visual art communications (drawing, painting, printmaking, design and close observation). 

Media/Advanced Art

1.0 Credit

Advanced studio workshop focused on complex fine art compositions, modern digital layouts, and building portfolios for college reviews.

Ceramics

0.5 Credit

Prerequisites: Studio in Art I & II. *Preference will be given to students completing a sequence in Art

Ceramics is designed for the student who is interested in working with three-dimensional forms in clay. The student will learn the basics of pottery making including: pinch pots, coil method, slab method, wheel throwing and tile making. Surface design Is taught using sprigging, incising, painting and glazing. Grading for students in this course will be concentrated on their in-class work, craftsmanship, and original ideas. Project grades are broken down into levels of mastery for concepts being taught such as, craftsmanship, form, surface design and surface decoration as well as original ideas.

Sculpture

0.5 Credit

Prerequisites: Studio & Art I & II. Preference  will be given to students who have completed ceramics and plan to complete a sequence in Art.

Sculpture is designed for the student who is interested in continuing to explore three-dimensional forms. The student will be introduced to new sculpture media and will be using thin metals, tiles, various tools, wire, plaster, clay and plaster casting. The course will offer both aesthetic and technical experiences to help the student understand and appreciate the sculptural art form. Grading for students in this course will be concentrated on their in-class work, craftsmanship, and original ideas. Project grades are broken down into levels of mastery for concepts being taught such as, craftsmanship, form, surface design and surface decoration, as well as original ideas.

Painting / Drawing

0.5 Credit

Prerequisites: Successful completion of Studio  in Art I & II. Students must receive an 80%  or better in Studio Art I & II

An intermediate course for grades 10, 11, or 12 that may be elected after a student has completed Studio in Art I & II. The student will develop a foundation of exploratory experiences in a variety of drawing and painting techniques and media.  The course will improve technical skills and will promote a deeper thinking level and original thought using a two dimensional format. Students will be focusing on craftsmanship, proportion, texture and value, with a continuation of color theory. Students that are enrolled in this course are required to have at least one study hall per day to devote time to independent studio time.

Wind Ensemble

1.0 Credit

Grade Level Requirements: 10-12

General Requirements: Attend all performances, including concerts and festivals. Attend all lessons, with provisions for make-up lessons if necessary. Complete/practice lesson assignments. Actively participate in rehearsals with appropriate behavior.

the premiere instrumental ensemble of the high school music department. Membership is by audition only for grades 10-12. Freshmen may be enrolled only upon a successful audition and a high recommendation from the Knox band director.  The wind ensemble performs advanced band literature and presents several concerts during the year. Rotating lessons are required as part of the course. The wind ensemble meets five days a week as part of the regular daily schedule. Individuals or small ensembles are encouraged to attend the NYSSMA Solo and Small Ensemble Festival. Individuals may also be eligible for selection for the Fulton County All-County Concert or Symphonic Bands. As an ensemble, the wind ensemble participates in the NYSSMA Majors Festival.

Symphonic Band

1.0 Credit

General Requirements: Attend all performances, including concerts and festivals. Attend all lessons, with provisions for make-up lessons if necessary. Complete/practice lesson assignments. Actively participate in rehearsals with appropriate behavior

This course is available to all students in grades 9-12 who play woodwind, brass, or percussion instruments. There are several formal concerts each year, which are required.  In addition, each student will receive one lesson per week in a group of students with the same instrumentation. These lessons occur the same day each week on a rotating period schedule. The band may attend competitions or festivals during the school year. Individuals or small ensembles from the band may also attend the NYSSMA Solo and Small Ensemble Festival.  Individuals may also be eligible for selection for the Fulton County All-County Concert or Symphonic Bands. All students will be exposed to a wide variety of musical styles, with a main instrument through lessons and performances.

Music Appreciation and Theory

1.0 Credit

This class meets each day and involves assignments and discussion of music theory (rudiments, intervals, choral structure, harmony, melody, composition, and analysis) and ear-training/sight signing (aural skills). Daily homework assignments are given appropriate to the syllabus, and a college level text (Music Theory and Practice, Vol. 1, Bruce Benward) is used. Periodic tests of understanding and skill, participation  points, homework assignments, quizzes and tests, dictation exercises and taped sight-singing scores are factored in to the average when the grade is calculated.

Mixed Chorus

1.0 Credit

A course designed to stress proper techniques, vocal score interpretation, and performance disciplines. The course is designed to familiarize the student with performance in a choral setting. Emphasis is placed on choral reading skills, part-singing, and musical interpretation. The Mixed Choir performs in a minimum of three concerts each year. Attendance is required at all performances.

Chamber Choir

1.0 Credit

Select vocal group executing advanced vocal orchestrations, specialized a cappella settings, and seasonal community showcases.

Instrumental/Vocal Lessons

Non-Credit Rotational

Small group pull-out instruction focused on technique mastery, specialized fingering drills, vocal pitch, and performance pieces.



Physical Education and Health Department

Physical Education (PE)

0.5 Credit

Education is through the physical and mental processes. These courses are offered with the understanding that skills be developed to carry on through later life and that development of large muscle structure be enhanced through these skills.  Classes are organized by grade level and the idea of group competition  is de-emphasized. The basic aim is individual development. One of the major aims of physical education classes is to reverse the trend toward physical inactivity and thus to lessen the amount of physical degeneration in our society.

Personal Fitness

0.5 Credit

An introductory course designed to teach the fundamental skills of strength training. Focusing on the five components of fitness (cardiovascular endurance, muscular endurance, flexibility and body composition). Students will learn proper lifting techniques, spotting procedures, as well as gain the necessary tools to design and implement a successful weight training program. Throughout this course, students will become familiar with all the benefits of regular physical activity in addition to learning the basic physiological principles of weight lifting. This course can be used to fulfill the regular physical education requirement or be used for elective credit.

AP Fitness (CHS)

1.0 Credit (College Credit)

College-level kinesiology and physiology program exploring advanced human movement physics, muscle recovery science, and nutrition planning.

Aquatic Personal Fitness

0.5 Credit (Grades 9-12)

Low-impact water aerobics, deep-water endurance drills, and cardiorespiratory circuit exercises conducted in the pool facility.

Lifeguarding

0.5 Credit

General Requirements: $35 Fee and must be 15 years old by the end of the semester

A semester-long course which will provide students with the training to achieve Red Cross certification in lifeguarding, first aid, CPR for the professional rescuer, AED and waterfront lifeguarding. A swimming pre-test will be given to students prior to being enrolled. Students must be able to swim 300 yards continuously.

Responding to Emergencies (CHS)

0.5 Credit (Grades 11-12)

College-certified standard first aid and professional CPR training, covering life-saving medical responses, triage handling, and incident documentation.

Health

0.5 Credit

This course focuses on the interrelationship between our level of health and lifestyle decisions we make. As students progress through the course, they will gain a better understanding of the many factors that influence good health. They will investigate the holistic view of health as being dependent upon a balance of physical, mental, and social aspects of one’s life. The major health concerns of teens today are addressed. These include substance abuse, stress, development of mental wellness, development of positive relationships with others, understanding mental wellness, the role of adequate diet and exercise in total health, and communicable and non-communicable diseases. Students explore and identify community health agencies and organizations that one can turn to for health information and assistance now or in the future. This course is mandatory for graduation.

Child Development

0.5 Credit

A course that addresses the importance of studying children, the role of families and parenting. The focus is on the development of children at different ages and stages as well as learning lifetime skills that can be implemented in parenthood. While studying developmental theory, students observe children, evaluate individual differences and analyze characteristics of development at various stages.

Driver’s Education

Non-Credit Elective

Teaches New York state vehicle navigation rules, defensive driving strategies, highway sign interpretations, and basic vehicle maintenance operations.



Distance Learning (DL) and Elective Options

Agricultural Sciences

1.0 Credit

Explores agricultural business operations, sustainable soil sciences, crop farming methodologies, and animal livestock handling systems.

Female Activism in America

1.0 Credit

Traces the historical socio-political impact of women’s rights campaigns, covering franchise expansion battles and modern legal transformations.

Criminal Law

0.5 Credit

Explores state penal codes, constitutional rights during police interrogations, judicial courtroom rules, and correctional system frameworks.

Current Events in Sports

0.5 Credit

Evaluates multi-platform professional sports trends, covering athlete contracts, equity policy debates, and modern international tournaments.



Career and Technical Education (CTE)

All of these classes are taken at HFM BOCES. Transportation is provided to students attending. Juniors attend their CTE classes in the mornings and seniors attend in the afternoon.

Auto Body Repair

In HFM CTE Auto Body, students learn to repair and refinish damaged vehicles. Students also learn safety, high-tech welding methods, flexible and rigid plastic repair, as well as how to make damage appraisals, calculate repair costs, and establish estimates.

Students use hand tools, portable lifting equipment, adhesives and filler, welding equipment, paint mixing and spray equipment, along with new technology, to repair automotive exteriors. Students will utilize a fully equipped paint booth during the refinishing and repairing process while attending the Auto Body program.  It is primarily a hands-on technical program where students will become
knowledgeable about the auto repair industry.

Students will be prepared to enter the Auto Body and Collision Repair field after completion of this program.

Auto Technology

The HFM CTE Automotive Technology program involves a combination of instruction of theory and operation of various automotive systems. The program includes practical shop activities to diagnose, repair, and maintain a wide variety of vehicles.

Students who complete the program will have the skills necessary to begin careers as entry-level technicians or to enter a post-secondary program. A large portion of the program is technical hands-on training on both customer and school owned vehicles.

Students have the ability to graduate with the following certifications:

• Valvoline Oil Certification
• Hunter Engineering Alignment Certification
• Hunter Engineering Tire Change and Balance Certification
• Snap-On Scan Tool Certification

Construction Technology

This two year program stresses career preparation in the building trades with an emphasis on green building techniques.

Through building projects on campus, students are exposed to a variety of construction trades including residential construction, blueprint reading and estimating, building materials and tools, surveying, foundation, floor wall and roof systems, insulation, window and door installation, home electrical wiring, and energy use analysis. Particular attention is paid to modern framing techniques and other “green” building strategies

Students may receive NCCER accreditation, up to twelve articulated credits at FMCC and other local colleges, as well as a technical endorsement on their high school diploma.

The Construction Technology program includes integrated mathematics, providing students with an opportunity to earn math credit towards graduation.

Cosmetology

The HFM Cosmetology program provides students with the professional skills necessary to pass the practical and written components of the New York State Licensing Board Examinations.

Only licensed cosmetologists may work in salons in New York State. To qualify for the licensing exam, students must complete a minimum of 1,000 hours of approved instruction.

A salon clinic open to members of the local community provides students with the opportunity to practice their technical skills and gain real life experience in their field. Upon successful completion, students are eligible to receive their temporary Cosmetology license and apply to New York State to take the written and practical licensing examinations.

Criminal Justice

Events in our nation have changed the focus of security and safety. The Criminal Justice Program at CTE prepares students to address the issues facing our community.

In addition to local, state and federal government, career opportunities in the Criminal Justice field are available in private firms and public agencies; small businesses, and large corporations.

The HFM CTE Criminal Justice program provides students with an overview of the criminal justice system and its components — law enforcement, courts, and corrections. Daily experiences include guest speakers, field trips, and hands-on projects such as fingerprinting, forensics, crime scene investigation, mock trials, photography, plaster casts
and use of radar equipment.

Culinary Arts

HFM CTE offers a two year industry driven Culinary Arts program that provides real world educational opportunities while building practical skills and a solid foundation in the field.

Students gain hands-on experience in a state-of-the-art kitchen learning the proper ways to use, sanitize and maintain equipment. They explore recipes and create menus based on topics of study. Students engage in work-based learning and leadership exercises by catering special events, luncheons, dinners, and by completing an internship at a local restaurant, bakery, or food service facility at the end of their senior year.

The CTE Culinary Arts program is aligned with the National Restaurant Association’s Pro Start curriculum which promotes all facets of the restaurant and food service industry while setting high standards of excellence for students and the field.

Topics covered include:

• Baking and Pastry
• Commercial Food Preparation
• Dining Room Service
• Fine Dining
• Restaurant Operations

• Catering
• Safety
• Kitchen Staples
• Kitchen Management
• International Cuisine

Cybersecurity and Computer Technology

As people become increasingly dependent on networks to store their personal, financial, and business data, there is an increasing incentive for criminals to steal, manipulate and monetize that data. Organizations, businesses and governments need trained specialists to proactively defend and address these threats.

Through this program, students have the opportunity to gain foundational knowledge in all aspects of security in the cyberworld and complete training and certification leading to a career as an IT/network professional.

The HFM CTE Cybersecurity and Computer Technology program includes coursework using both Cisco Networking Academy and CompTIA Curriculum in the following areas:

• Cybersecurity
• Information Technology (IT) Essentials
• A+ Core 1 and Core 2
• Network +

Digital Multimedia and Communications

The HFM CTE Digital Multimedia course introduces the tools, techniques, and concepts behind the production of digital media through the practice of good design.

We provide our students with an innovative and engaging style of learning that addresses vital skills required in the ever-growing, constantly evolving industry of digital design and video while investigating continuing education opportunities and career options.

Divided into two classrooms, students rotate between two professional instructors in a collaborative instructional setting. This affords students the opportunity to explore and experience a variety of digital media tools while enhancing and broadening their skills.

Using state-of-the-art, industry-standard hardware and software gives students direct insight into present-day application possibilities. iMac computers, partnered with Adobe Creative Suite, offer students the possibility of acquiring Adobe ACA Certification. Students are presented with opportunities to collaborate on projects for businesses. They gain knowledge and experience participating in a professional, two-week senior internship that has proven to be an invaluable experience.

Environmental Conservation

The HFM CTE Environmental Conservation program prepares students for achieving future career goals. Within this program, students can specialize in Forestry & Lumber Production or Heavy Equipment Operation.

Students can receive NYS Game of Logging credentialing, First Aid/CPR, OSHA certifications, and DEC erosion and sediment control training. Students learn how to operate HFM’s fleet of bulldozers, excavators, loaders and other forestry equipment.

Additional Training:

• Hand Tools and Power Tools
• Welding and Cutting Tools
• Surveying Equipment
• Saw Mill Operation and Management
• Heavy Equipment Maintenance and Operation
• Chainsaw and Pole Saws
• Dump Truck and Trailer Operations

HFM CTE’s extensive facilities include nature trails, ponds, an indoor aquaculture facility, lumber production area and more.

Students are expected to develop employability skills necessary for success in each career path. Students must have exceptional attendance and dress appropriately for working with power tools as well as working outdoors in all weather conditions. Professionalism with their peers, instructors, and during internships is imperative for student success.

Fire Science and Rescue

The Fire Science & Rescue program is a dynamic one-year course designed to prepare students for careers in firefighting and emergency response. Through a combination of classroom instruction and hands-on experience, students gain essential knowledge and skills in fire prevention, firefighting techniques, emergency medical response, and rescue operations. Emphasis is placed on teamwork, decision-making, and adherence to safety protocols, all of which are critical components of success in emergency services.

Students will receive technical and practical training aligned with the New York State Basic Exterior Firefighting Operations and Hazardous Material First Responder Operation standards. This 78-hour certification track equips students with the foundational competencies needed to begin a career in firefighting and emergency services.

Students are expected to follow a professional dress code throughout the program. Daily attire should be school-appropriate, while business casual clothing is required for industry visits. In the lab setting, students will be provided with fire apparatus and attire by CTE, along with necessary safety PPE as instructed.

Students must possess the physical ability to lift at least 50 pounds, as many tasks in firefighting and rescue demand strength and endurance. In addition to technical skills, students will develop a range of professional competencies including effective communication, collaboration, time management, problem-solving, and troubleshooting. Respect for others and their property, reliability, dependability, and strict adherence to safety procedures and instructions are also emphasized throughout the course.

Foundations of Food Services

This HFM CTE Foundations of Food Services course is a service level Culinary Arts program. Students learn baking and food preparation techniques along with exploring career opportunities and the necessary work habits that are essential for success on the job. Throughout the program, recipe reading and creating, food preparation, safety, and final food/garnishing presentation are stressed.

FOF students have an opportunity to earn 54 hours of work-based learning experience by preparing and serving food at school sponsored special events, catering and by participating with local restaurants and food services in a senior year internship.

The daily hands-on experiences help students build practical skills and a foundation for cooking that will last a lifetime.

Program Objectives:

  • Prepare students for entry level positions in the culinary field
  • Develop a work ethic to help secure and maintain employment
  • Students will understand how to safely handle food with sanitation practices
  • Students will learn to operate independently in the kitchen setting
  • Students will learn essential teamwork for success in a busy kitchen

Medical Assisting

The HFM CTE Medical Assisting program prepares students to become nationally Certified Clinical Medical Assistants. Medical Assistants are Allied Health Professionals who perform administrative, clinical and laboratory duties under the direct supervision of a physician.

Medical Assistants work in a variety of settings including clinics, physician offices, outpatient centers and hospitals. The HFM CTE Medical Assisting program prepares students for achieving future career goals in the medical field. Students have access to a CTE lab where they can role play and practice skills they will need in clinical settings. Students participate in a minimum of 108 hours of “clinical” or work-based learning as part of this program.

HFM CTE Medical Assisting students have the opportunity to participate in a Medical Explorers student internship with St. Mary’s Healthcare.

Duties of Medical Assistants are Administrative and Clinical.

Clinical duties may include:

• Medical Histories
• Patient Examinations
• Phlebotomy
• Medication Administration
• Electrocardiogram
• Collecting and Performing Basic Lab Tests
• Wound Care

Administrative duties may include:

• Computer Applications
• Telephone Communications
• Scheduling
• Welcoming Patients
• Medical Records

New Visions: Education

New Visions Education is a comprehensive one year course which offers seniors the opportunity to investigate career paths in education. A major component of this course is the time students spend observing in classrooms and working with students in settings from kindergarten through high school. By shadowing professionals, students see the wide variety of occupations available in the area of education.

In our own classroom, we learn about the history and purpose of education, the alternate structures and services that are provided to students, and the process of planning for and executing a formal lesson plan. Students have the opportunity to create, teach, and evaluate lessons with their peers weekly in preparation for their internships. Professionalism with peers, instructors and students in all classroom settings is imperative for
success in this program.

Topics covered include:

• Foundations of Public Education
• Learning Styles/Multiple Intelligences
• Professional Certification Requirements
• Classroom Environment
• Lesson Planning and Instruction
• Classroom Management
• Instructional Strategies
• Educator Responsibilities

New Visions: Health Careers

The HFM CTE New Visions Health course is an academically rigorous one year program for high school seniors. The classroom is located on-site at Nathan Littauer Hospital where students participate daily in structured clinical observations of varied medical professionals and procedures, while integrating learning through traditional methods
such as lecture, discussion, reading, research, and writing.

These experiences provide students with an opportunity to directly learn and observe the various health professions and appropriate patient care, along with the latest in medical treatments, testing and technologies. Admissions criteria for this program includes a completed application, interview, and a minimum GPA of 85.

Robotics and Engineering Technology

The HFM CTE Robotics and Engineering Technology course is a STEM based program that allows students to use state-of-the-art equipment to learn about pathways in robotics and engineering careers. Students apply college level algebra and engineering to develop system approaches to solve problems.

An interdisciplinary program, students develop fundamental knowledge of electricity and electronics along with computer aided design and mechanics. Skills are applied to industrial automation; electro-mechanical systems, robot integration, Pneumatic and hydraulic power transmission.

The well-equipped laboratory space provides experience with electronics test equipment, FANUC industrial robots, Siemens logic controllers, laser cutting, 3D printing and more. The Career and Technical Center lab is further expanded through partnership with the FMCC Robotics Systems laboratory spaces including automation lab and chip fabrication/ metrology clean room.

Students can accumulate up to 14 college credits that can be used toward a four-year Electrical Engineering Technology degree or two-year FMCC Robotics and Systems Technology degree. Students in the Robotics and Engineering Technology program participate in internships with companies such as Precision Valve and Automation, Anderson-Negele, The Wesson Group, St. Mary’s Healthcare, The Gund Company and more.

Skilled Trades – Electrical, HVAC and Plumbing

Currently, industry experts estimate there is a shortage of approximately 2.5 million skilled trades professionals worldwide. In this HFM CTE one year senior program, students will get hands-on experience by taking what they learn in the classroom and applying it in the workshop. Students will explore all three career pathways; Electrical, HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning), and Plumbing and choose which is best for them.

In the Electrical path students learn about home wiring circuits, switches and outlets, electrical test equipment and safety. In the Plumbing path, students learn about plaster, copper, cast iron and steel pipes, drains, and plumbing safety. In the HVAC path, students learn about the use of various technologies to control temperature, humidity, and purity of the air.

These fields offer many high-paying job opportunities for high school graduates with contractors and labor unions in all three of these skilled trades. Students will also get the opportunity to complete an internship and put their learning into practice in the real world.

Veterinary and Animal Science

Veterinary & Animal Science is a two-year program intended to prepare students for a future in the expanding animal industry that offers a variety of career opportunities. This science-based program teaches skills in areas such as animal handling, livestock production, Anatomy and Physiology, grooming, first aid, health and disease, clinical practices, veterinary terminology, and safety and sanitation.

Students will use the tools of the trade, including diagnostic and grooming equipment. Internships with local veterinary clinics, animal shelters, agribusinesses, grooming and training facilities are also part of the experience. Students have the opportunity to earn one high school English credit and one high school Science credit (Comparative Animal Anatomy & Physiology) and may also have the opportunity to earn college credits over the course of the program.